THE RAMESSEUM
The Ramesseum, the mortuary temple of Ramesses II, stands on the west bank of the Nile in the Theban Necropolis opposite modern Luxor. Beyond
its second courtyard once rose a vast hypostyle hall supported by 48 columns. The temple’s most striking feature was a colossal syenite statue of the enthroned
pharaoh—originally 19 meters (62 feet) tall and weighing over 1,000 tons. Only fragments of the base and torso remain today, along with pieces of two additional
seated statues that once flanked the entrance, carved in pink and black granite. One of the colossal granite heads from this temple—the Younger Memnon—was transported
to the British Museum in the early 19th century. Commissioned by Henry Salt, Giovanni Belzoni succeeded in removing the 7‑ton sculpture in 1815 after earlier failed
attempts by Napoleon’s team. Its arrival in London in 1818 captivated the public and helped inspire Percy Bysshe Shelley’s sonnet Ozymandias, a meditation on the
impermanence of power. The original statue would have towered nearly as high as the Colossi of Memnon and the great seated figures at Abu Simbel.
1.) Fragments of the Great Colossi of Ramesses
the Great, known as the Younger Memnon, moved to the British Museum, by Giovanni Belzoni in 1815
2.) Tinted Duotone Lithograph, by Louis Haghe
(1806-1895), after painter David Roberts (1796-1864) March 1, 1847,
3.) The Ramesseum Mortuary Temple, 13th century
BCE, Theban Necropolis
Public Domain